Cambrai - Cambray. |
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Description
COMMENTARY BY BRAUN: "Cambrai is a broad, very handsome and well fortified town on the Schelde, which flows through it. It has a splendid fortified castle built by Charles V on the top of a hill. St Gaugericus, the bishop of Cambrai, had a magnificent church built there in honour of St Medardus. The town houses are most handsome, but the churches and monasteries are even more splendid. Rising above them is the old church of Our Lady, which is also the bishop's seat."
Cambrai was granted a municipal charter in 1076. It is presented here in cavalier perspective from the top of an imaginary hill. The detailed depiction of the fortifications, originally built by Charlemagne around AD 800, and of the churches, especially the Gothic cathedral of Notre-Dame-de-Grâce, testifies to a high degree of topographical reliability. The town hall (La maison de ville) can also be clearly discerned. From 1550 the tower of the church of Saint Martin was the belfry of Cambrai, and still serves as such today. The church of the abbey of Saint-Aubert, today the church of Saint-Géry, goes back to the remains of a 6th-century ecclesiastical building. In the 16th century Cambrai was the scene of some important historical events: in 1508 the League of Cambrai was founded here, in which Louis XII of France, the holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I, Ferdinand II of Spain and Pope Julius II formed an alliance to curb the Republic of Venice's influence in northern Italy. It was here, in 1529, that Francis I of France and Emperor Charles V signed the Treaty of Cambrai, also known as the Paix des Dames. (Taschen)
The Civitates Orbis Terrarum, or the "Braun & Hogenberg", is a six-volume town atlas and the greatest book of town views and plans ever published: 363 engravings, sometimes beautifully coloured. It was one of the best-selling works in the last quarter of the 16th century. Georg Braun wrote the text accompanying the plans and views on the verso. A large number of the plates were engraved after the original drawings of Joris Hoefnagel (1542-1600), who was a professional artist. The first volume was published in Latin in 1572, the sixth volume in 1617. Frans Hogenberg created the tables for volumes I through IV, and Simon van den Neuwel created those for volumes V and VI. Other contributors were cartographer Daniel Freese, and Heinrich Rantzau. Works by Jacob van Deventer, Sebastian Münster, and Johannes Stumpf were also used. Translations appeared in German and French.
Reference: Van der Krogt, 756, state 1; Taschen, Br. Hog., p.276.
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