Saltzburgk, Recens et Accuratissima Urbis Salisburgensis Delineation. (Salzburg)

A decorative map showing a striking bird's-eye view of Salzburg by Braun and Hogenberg, with key to locations. CARTOUCHE RIGHT: A new and faithful view of the city of Salzburg.
COMMENTRARY BY BRAUN: "Salzburg is an exceedingly impressive city in Bavaria, encircled by substantial ring walls, towers and bastions, and very well appointed with both public and private houses. Salzburg was formerly a royal seat and during this time furnished its churches very splendidly with marble and thus distinguished itself far above other cities.
When Julius Caesar wished to defeat the Germans, he had a fortified castle built on top of the mountain that was to serve as a base for his soldiers and from which he wished to assist his allies. Hence this castle was named Castrum Juvaviense, in German Helfenburg."
The impression of spaciousness does not correspond to the actual appearance of the city wedged between the Mönchsberg and the Kapuzinerberg. Braun refers to the legendary history of Salzburg, according to which it was founded by Julius Caesar. Salzburg is first mentioned in records in AD 755 as a trading settlement; in 996 it was granted the right to hold a market and mint its own coins; and in 1287 it received its municipal charter.
From the 16th century onwards Salzburg played an important role as a city of trade and as the residence of the prince-archbishops. The magnificent cathedral (15) seen here at the centre of the city dates from the time of Bishop Conrad III. Following a devastating fire in 1598, Archbishop Wolf Dietrich of Raitenau had 55 town houses demolished in order to make space for a new cathedral and a grander street plan. The new cathedral in the Baroque style continues to leave its stamp on the face of Salzburg even today.

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Reference: Van der Krogt 4 - 3831, Fauser - 12385, Taschen, Braun and Hogenberg - p.252